Abstract: At present, coal and gas outburst accidents cannot be eliminated in China. To reduce the damage of outburst disasters, based on the elastic buffer theory proposed in the early stage, according to the outburst mechanism, the migration law of coal and gas two-phase flow, and the attenuation law of shock wave propagation, an arch device capable of rapidly responding to weaken the energy of mine outburst is designed, and the experiment on the buffer effect of the device on the outburst shock wave is carried out. Finally, the weakening and control effect of the arch device on the energy of mine outbursts is verified by numerical simulation. The results show that the setting of the arch device can change the effective cross-sectional area of the roadway, and achieve the effect of suppressing the energy propagation of the shock wave and accelerating the energy attenuation of the shock wave. By studying the weakening law of the outburst shock wave at four measuring points under the three outburst pressures of 0.50 MPa, 0.74 MPa, and 1.00 MPa, it is concluded that the pressure of the P1 measuring point decreases slowly with time because it is not weakened by the arch device. The P2 measuring point is weakened by one arch device, and the pressure of the measuring point decreases by 47% within 100 ms after the outburst. The P3 measuring point is weakened by two arch devices, and the pressure of the measuring point decreases rapidly by 75% within 100 ms after the outburst. The P4 measuring point is weakened by the three arch devices, and the pressure of the measuring point drops rapidly to 0 at about 35 ms after the outburst occurs. The cross-sectional area change scheme is determined by numerical simulation results. When the cross-sectional area changes from small to large, the action time can be extended and the impulse can be reduced to reduce the shock wave damage to people and equipment.