Abstract: In 2024, China’s natural resource management policies and macroeconomic policies work together to help the China’s economy run smoothly and become an important global growth engine. This paper compiles a natural resource supply index to measure the level of natural resource factor supply and reveal the overall situation of natural resource guarantee economic operation. Based on long-term situation analysis and combined with short-term situation analysis, a detailed analysis of the development status of China’s land market, mining market, and surveying and mapping geographic information industry is conducted. It is concluded that the supply of natural resources in China will continue to remain within a reasonable range in 2024, providing important impetus for promoting high-quality economic development. The smooth commencement of major infrastructure projects supported by land resources has helped stabilize the real estate market, but the supply area of transportation land continues to decline. The supply of strategic mineral mining rights has increased, and the ability to ensure resource security has improved, but the overall profit of the mining industry has declined year-on-year. The scale of the surveying and mapping geographic information industry has further expanded, driving the development of integrated new formats, but security risks and hidden dangers still exist. Looking ahead to 2025, although the global and China’s economies continue to recover as a whole, there are still multiple uncertainties. The main focus of stabilizing the economy and promoting development in the field of natural resources is to fully leverage the leading role of national spatial planning and achieve efficient and high-quality utilization of land; adhere to the principle of establishing first and then breaking down, actively respond to the stage imbalance of supply and demand in the mineral market, and gradually improve the overall planning and connection system for the exploration, mining, supply, storage, and sales of strategic mineral resources; coordinate development and security, do a good job in monitoring the security of surveying and mapping geographic information, support the digital economy, and achieve a positive interaction between high-quality development and high-level security.