Abstract: Slope instability in abandoned stone mines poses a significant challenge to regional ecological security and geological disaster prevention in Ningbo, China, with its formation mechanism involving the long-term multi-factor coupling. This study investigates representative abandoned mines, including Anshan, Jiafa, and Shanziyang in the Ningbo Area, to systematically reveal the inducing mechanisms of geological disasters and explore effective comprehensive control strategies. The research methodology combines field surveys, UAV aerial photogrammetry, geological structure analysis, long-term monitoring of crack width, displacement, and groundwater levels, along with retrospective case studies of remediation projects. By analyzing the regional tectonic setting and characteristics of rock mass discontinuities, this study quantitatively evaluates the reduction in slope shear strength caused by rainfall infiltration and pore water pressure accumulation. It further assesses the critical role of dynamic disturbances such as excavation and blasting in triggering instability. The results demonstrate a multi-factor coupling pattern of “structural control-hydraulic weakening-dynamic triggering” for slope instability in these mines. Specifically, structural conditions determine the location and scale of instability, rainfall infiltration processes govern the temporal sensitivity, and dynamic disturbances act as the immediate trigger. Based on these findings, an integrated technical pathway of “source control-process protection-ecological restoration” is proposed. Practical applications show that this approach, which includes slope cutting and unloading, anchor reinforcement, drainage system design, and thick-layer substrate spraying for ecological recovery, achieves notable outcomes. It significantly reduces the risk of recurrent sliding and enhances long-term slope stability. This study concludes that the established multi-factor coupling mechanism model provides a theoretical basis for predicting and assessing risks associated with abandoned mine hazards, while also offering a transferable technical framework for ecological restoration and comprehensive management. The key innovations of this research lie in the quantitative elucidation of synergistic mechanisms, the coupled validation of monitoring data and mechanistic models, and the effective integration of engineering and ecological measures. These outcomes hold substantial academic value and practical implications for the remediation and sustainable redevelopment of abandoned mines in resource-based urban areas.