Abstract: Coal resources distributed widely but uneven around the world.In this paper,a thorough analysis had been made on coal demand,resource guarantee,the demand and supply in the major coal producing and consuming countries around the world.And this research has put forward a trend of the development of global coal industry combined with the corresponding proportion of primary energy source in some related countries: Russia and Australia will be the foremost coal exporting countries in the future on account of high exploitation value; India and Japan will become the countries which are the chief coal consuming country.Moreover,they will compete with China on coal importing in the international coal market; the globalization of coal trading has become an inevitable trend.Based on what has been discussed above,this research proposes some suggestions for the situation of coal resources in China: adjusting primary energetic structure and achieving diversified energetic distribution; increasing investment of coal exploration appropriately in order to form a simultaneous development of coal producing and reserves growth; intensifying coal mining technology research; improving the coal utilization,high-efficiency energetic consuming; strengthening coal resources cooperation with neighboring countries and reducing coal importing transportation costs.