Abstract: According to the situation of ventilation system in Fushan gold mine,the problems existing in the underground ventilation system are analyzed,the ventilation system optimization retrofit scheme was proposed. Results show that the optimization of ventilation system can solve the existing ventilation safety problems such as the underground ventilation system of main shaft,dirty wind in the production areas,wind out of deep production midway through high temperature and high humidity,and the excessive harmful gas. In the end the optimization effect was realized as expected.