Abstract: China is rich in energy resources, but its distribution is relatively uneven.In order to analyze the imbalance between energy production and consumption, the matching model of energy production and consumption was constructed based on Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient.The results show that Gini coefficient of production and consumption of petroleum and natural gas is at a level of too large gap; Gini coefficient of coal production and consumption is 0.5392, which is more than 0.5 of the international standard, and is in a “highly uneven” range, the matching degree very poor; Gini coefficient of total energy production and consumption is 0.4966, which is very close to 0.5 of the warning line.In general, the regional imbalance of energy production and consumption in China should be paid more attention.