Abstract: The development of oil and gas resources management in the United States of America is long and its framework now is mature.It is of great significance for China to study its oil and gas resources management mode and experience.This paper studies the oil and gas resources management institutions in the US and the relevant laws, and analyses the administration functions with function line through literature research and foreign government website visits.And some characteristics of petroleum resources management in the USA are concluded.Some examples:the division is clear and the function is specific; things are handled in accordance with laws and negotiation is given priority; free market and macro-control combined.Together with the situation in China, the authors make comments and suggestions on oil and gas resources management mode in China.For instance, we should take the following actions:to perfect laws and regulations, establish supervision department and found an administration institution of energy information.