陕西商南矿山地质环境质量评价

    Evaluation of mine geological environment quality in Shangnan county, Shaanxi province

    • 摘要: 陕西省商南县矿产资源丰富,矿业开发是该县的支柱产业。频繁的矿山建设、开采活动是地质环境问题频发的原因之一。由于矿山数量较多、集中性差,以商南县为研究区,构建包括矿业开发对地质环境的影响、基础地质和生态环境3个方面,共计16个指标的矿山地质环境质量评价指标体系。将研究区划分为196个4 km×4 km的评价单元,通过实地调查、统计年鉴等方式获取数据。基于SPSS20.0软件,利用熵值法计算各评价单元指标权重,并结合集对分析理论计算各评价单元联系度,最后依据联系度将其划分为“严重区”“一般区”和“良好区”3类矿山地质环境质量区。结果表明:商南县矿山地质环境质量空间分布差异较大,中北部矿山地质环境质量明显优于南部,且南部矿山地质环境问题主要集中在水沟镇、湘河镇、赵川镇等地,以地质灾害、矿渣占用土地、破坏植被及水土污染为主。“严重区”“一般区”和“良好区”各占研究区面积的8.16%、46.95%、44.89%。评价结果可为商南县矿山地质环境综合治理提供理论依据。

       

      Abstract: Shangnan county is rich in mineral resources, mining development is the pillar industry of the county.Frequent mine construction and mining activities is one of the reasons that lead to geological environmental problems.As the quality of mines is large and poor concentration, taking Shangnan country as the research area.The evaluation index system of the article is built that contains the influence of mining development on geological environment, basic geology and ecological environment, a total of 16 indexes.The study area is divided into 196 evaluation units with 4 km×4 km and the data can be obtained by field investigation and statistical yearbooks.Evaluation indexes weights are calculated by entropy method through SPSS20.0 software, and using it to calculate connection degree of each evaluation unit.Finally, the mine geological environment quality area is divided into “serious area”“general area” and “good area” by connection degrees.The results show that spatial distribution of mine geological environment quality in Shangnan county is quite different.The quality of mine geological environment in the central and north of study area is obviously superior to that in the south.The problems of mine geological environment are mainly geological hazards, land occupation, vegetation destruction and soil-water pollution, concentrating in Shuigou town, Xianghe town and Zhaochuan town.The “Serious area”“general area” and “good area” each occupied 8.16%, 46.95% and 44.89% of study area.Evaluation results can provide theoretical basis for comprehensive management of mine geological environment in Shangnan county.

       

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