Abstract: In this paper, the geothermal geological characteristics of Gubei coal mine are studied.The caprock is a Cenozoic loose layer, and the thermal reservoir is Tertiary sand layer and Ordovician limestone, and Taiyuan formation limestone.Using ANSYS software to carry out the numerical simulation of Gubei coal mine and the heat transfer characteristics of the geothermal field, and drew the temperature isoline map of mine.The results show that the geothermal flow redistributes in the middle of the mine, the average geothermal gradient of the numerical simulation is 3.00 ℃/hm, which is basically consistent with the average geothermal gradient of the system measured at 3.02 ℃/hm, and the overall geothermal gradient is high on both sides and low in the middle and saddle shape distribution.The influence of lithologic change on the distribution of geothermal field is analyzed.