Abstract: Mineral resources are an important material basis for economic and social development throughout, and the mining industry has the dramatic contribution and influence on China’s economic construction.As we know, China is a big country with rich mineral resources,also is a big country with the mining industry.China’s economy to high-quality development has the great potential and growth space to make the demand of the mineral resources continue to grow.The authors discuss the historical progress of China’s mining industry development, and analyze the problems including the resource base, scale structure, development and utilization, technical equipment and policy environment, and so on.According to the requirements of the new era for high-quality economic development, it is suggested that we should strengthen mineral prospecting, promote structural adjustment, strengthen scientific and technological innovation, implement policies and promote green development, meanwhile, we create the conditions to promote the high-quality development of mining industry in an all-round way, in respects of resource guarantee, promotion of development power and improvement of development environment.