Abstract: This paper takes some coal mining areas in Yanzhou district and Zoucheng county of Jining city as the research areas, the main influencing factors on ecological environment in the coal mining subsidence area are first analyzed.Then based on niche theory, the ecological suitability evaluation system and model are constructed using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and delphi method.Finally, applying spatial analysis principles and multiple criteria evaluation (MCE), the ecological suitability of the research area are assessed and its spatial distribution characteristics are visualized.The results show that the most ecologically suitable areas are distributed along the Si river and the Baima river, with about 12.092 km², covering approximately 17.25% of the study area; the most unfavorable areas are mainly distributed around mining plants, waste rock, and construction sites, with about 5.72 km², occupying 8.16% of the whole region.