Abstract: Aimed at the loading and unloading phenomena caused by deep roadway excavation and the surrounding rock instability induced by them, based on the tunnel along the vein in the middle section of 8^# orebody 1261 of a mine in Yunnan with a buried depth of 1 275 m, the influence of loading and unloading caused by excavation and its influence on stability of surrounding rock of roadway by FLAC^3D software analysis of the evolution law of stress field, displacement field and plastic failure zone of roadway.The results show that after excavation, the stress of surrounding rock of roadway is readjusted, and the loading and unloading phenomena are obvious at the side, the foot of inclined bottom and the top of inclined arch.With excavation, the stress of surrounding rock at the foot of inclined bottom of roadway increases gradually, while the stress of surrounding rock at other positions decreases gradually.The 8^# ore body has moderate to strong rockburst tendency; the main dangerous area is the corner of the roadway.Displacement of roadway surrounding rock:sidewall> vault> floor> oblique spandrel> spandrel> oblique foot.