瞬变电磁资料处理中干扰压制的滤波技术对比分析

    Comparative analysis of filtering technique in TEM data processing noise suppression

    • 摘要: 瞬变电磁法对电阻率异常地质体反映灵敏,施工效率高,在煤矿采空区探测中应用较广。但瞬变电磁信号易受电磁干扰影响,导致信噪比降低。信号滤波是电磁干扰压制最有效的方法之一,本文基于VC++编写了滤波程序,通过对比分析三种信号滤波方法的干扰压制效果和圈定异常位置的钻孔验证,分析出每种滤波手段的特点:抽道平滑滤波能够有效压制幅度较小的随机噪声,有利于层状地层地质解释,但会相对弱化局部异常响应;斜率平滑滤波能够有效压制随机噪声,较好地压制工频噪声,提高横向分辨率,但一定程度上依赖于对参考点的选取;混合小波去噪能够有效压制随机噪声和工频噪声,能够增强异常响应幅度,提高纵横向分辨率,有利于深部地质资料解释,但去噪效果与阈值函数和小波基选择有关。

       

      Abstract: TEM is sensitive to geologic body of resistivity anomaly and has high construction efficiency.It is widely used to detect mine goaf.However, TEM signals are susceptible to electromagnetic noise, resulting in reduced signal-to-noise ratio, and filtering is one of the most effective methods for noise suppression.Three filtering methods are compiled in VC++.Based on the noise suppression effect and delineation of anomaly area verified by drilling, the characteristics of three filtering methods are obtained by analysis.Pumping smooth filtering can effectively suppress the random noise with small amplitude, which is beneficial to the geological interpretation of the layered stratum, but will relatively weaken local anomalous response; slope smooth filtering can effectively suppress random noise, better suppress power frequency noise, and improve lateral resolution, but it depends on the selection of reference points; mixed wavelet filtering can effectively suppress random noise and power frequency noise, enhance abnormal response amplitude, and improve vertical and horizontal resolution.It is conducive to the interpretation of deep geological data, but its de-noising effect is related to the threshold function and wavelet basis selection.

       

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