Abstract: Mineral resources reserves management is an important part of China’s mineral resources management.It plays an irreplaceable role in mastering the national total number of mineral resources and maintaining national ownership of mineral resources.On the basis of combing current status and contents of China’s mineral resources reserves management, the main problems exiting in current reserves management were systematically analyzed and summarized, such as unclear boundary between government and market management and blurred position of reserves management, insufficient connection in internal managements and affected government service effectiveness, a lack of recoverable reserves management of solid minerals and incomplete mastering in national total number of mineral resources, inadequate supervision in reserves management and declined quality of reserves reports, relatively lagged information construction and obstruction in the improvement of management efficiency, and so on.In order to effectively solve these problems and improve mineral resources reserves management, some policy suggestions are pointedly proposed, including clarifying the boundary between government and market management and consolidating the mineral resources reserves, modifying the internal managements to improve government service level, strengthening the management requirements of solid minerals’ recoverable reserves to improve the overall control in mineral resources reserves, reinforcing supervision in reserves management to improve the assurance mechanism for reserve reports’ quality, and speeding up information construction to improve government management effectiveness.