Abstract: In order to apply AE/microseism to rock fracture monitoring, providing technical basis for the evaluation of the stability of engineering rock mass, by considering the rock properties such as anisotropy inherent.The horizontal unloading test of granite is studied, the characteristic of stress-anisotropy and material-anisotropy have been taking a discussion from the time-frequency of acoustic emission (AE).The results show that the reason of different characteristics of AE time-frequency in different location is the anisotropy, and the existence of deviatoric stress can caused stress-anisotropy.At the beginning of test, the material-anisotropy takes the main factor, and the stress-anisotropy will bring a main reaction because of the rupture development.In the time-domain, the AE absolute energy takes more affected by material-anisotropy, and amplitude is influences by stress-anisotropy.In the frequency-domain, the characteristic of stress-anisotropy and material-anisotropy has not take the same effects from the different frequency band of random frequency.The lowly-frequency (about 20 kHz) is effect by material-anisotropy at the beginning of experiment, and it changed to stress-anisotropy during the lateral of experiment.The intermediately-frequency (40-50 kHz) is not affected by the material-anisotropy or stress-anisotropy.The second highly-frequency (50-60 kHz) is influence upon both of the material-anisotropy and stress-anisotropy.The highly-frequency (80-110 kHz) is more sensitive on stress anisotropy.