Abstract: Under the background of implementing the strategy of ecological civilization construction, the high-quality development of geological exploration industry is an important part of realizing the transition from high-speed economic growth to high-quality development.The content of scientific and technological innovation capacity construction of the geological exploration industry includes talents, equipment, capital investment, mechanism and system, innovation platform.Then we introduce investment in scientific and technological innovation, the geological exploration industry level of talent, patent situation and management innovation in this industry.Through questionnaire survey, we summarize the problems of scientific and technological innovation capacity construction of the geological exploration industry, and put forward the related countermeasures and suggestions how to perfect such capacity.