Abstract: The conventional wisdom is that the exploitation of mineral resources is mostly negative, but at present, some new ideas consider that the exploitation of mineral resources will inevitably cause environmental disturbance, but most of the exploitation of mineral resources will cause less environmental disturbance.Based on the analysis of mining scale, mining stage, mining method and oil and gas development, this paper discusses the impact of different types of mineral resources development on the ecological environment, and considers that different measures should be taken according to the different characteristics of each type of disturbance to the ecological environment.In addition, this paper discusses the permission to develop mineral resources in the core area of the reserve and the “three red lines”.It is considers that the current policy is not conducive to the development of mining industry, and the mining policy should be determined according to the characteristics of the protected areas.Mining should also be allowed when the country urgently needs mineral resources found in the “three red lines”, but more strict measures should be taken from planning to mining measures.