Abstract: Qarhan salt lake is one of the most important multi-component salt mine in China.However, it locates at the arid desert continental plateau climate zone, where the ecological environment is relatively fragile.Based on results of salt lake resources development and application in past decades, the ecological risk of local resource exploitation is demonstrated, the change of water body affected the regional ecological environment.Therefore, maintaining the relative balance of salt lake water is the basic demand of ecological environment protection.From the aspects of industrial development, green energy saving, solid-liquid transformation, scientific water storage, environmental monitoring, etc., this paper proposes a comprehensive economic development model instead of single potassium fertilizer industry, which includes full cycle pollution-free closed-loop green production, full use of natural energy, conversion of solid potassium into liquid potassium mining and other specific countermeasures, to achieve a win-win situation of resource industry development and ecological environment protection.