Abstract: Environmental impact assessment is one of the most important tasks for oil and gas companies to do when they explore the oil and gas.It is one of the important factors for the approval of oil and gas mining rights, and also an important basis for the approval of oil and gas mining rights.By enumerating the laws and regulations on environmental impact assessment of oil and gas resources in China, analyzing the characteristics of environmental impact assessment of oil and gas exploration and development, combining the characteristics of the examination and approval of oil and gas mining rights, this paper sums up several problems, such as the contradictions between the dynamic environmental assessment and the examination and approval of mining rights under the current management system, the provisions of the examination and approval of mining rights on the environmental assessment are not comprehensive, and the characteristics of the environmental assessment management cannot meet the needs of mining rights management.Based on the problems, the following suggestions are made further decentralization, abolition of the "binding" relationship between the environmental impact assessment approval and the approval of mining rights; strengthening the coordination of departments and promoting the environmental impact assessment management reform; building the sharing of information by using the "Internet+"; changing management methods and reforming the management system of oil and gas mining rights.The purpose is to further promote the integrating degree of the environmental impact assessment of oil and gas resources exploration and development and the management of oil and gas mining rights, improve the management system of oil and gas mining rights, simplify the process, and reduce the burden of mining owners.