Abstract: China is a major country of coal production and consumption, it is of great significance to summarize the research on carbon source/sink of land ecosystem in coal mining areas for China to achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.The composition of carbon source/sink, carbon emission of damaged land ecosystem, carbon sequestration of reclaimed land ecosystem and ways of emission reduction and increase sink in mining area are discussed.The results show that carbon source of the mining area includes the carbon loss caused by vegetation destruction, soil texture change and the carbon emission caused by the use of fossil energy in mining, carbon sink mainly comes from the reclaimed dump.The development of mineral resources gradually expands outward from point-line-surface-network, and the carbon emission is influenced by the level of economic development, mining intensity, mining scale, mining method, and technical level.Carbon sequestration in mining areas generally goes through four stages, namely, undisturbed stage of original landform, disturbed stage of mining, reclamation stage after mining, and balance stage, which is influenced by vegetation types, reclamation measures, soil physical and chemical properties, and slope.The mining area realizes the development status of "low emission, high carbon sink, and high efficiency" through economical and intensive use of land and land reclamation.Finally, the emphases for carbon source/sink of land ecosystem in coal mining area in the future in China is proposed, which may provide a scientific basis for reduction of carbon emission and enhancement of carbon sink.