Abstract: In recent years, the contradiction of economic, social and ecological environment in coal resource-based cities in China has begun to appear.The relationship between economy and environment is studied to ensure that urban environmental governance, ecological protection and economic development are more coordinated, and further promote the high-quality development of coal resource-based cities.Datong city is a typical coal resource-based city in China.According to the relevant data of Datong city from 2000 to 2017, based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC) and related theories, the industrial "three wastes" are selected as the environmental indicators to establish the EKC measurement model of Datong city for fitting analysis.The results show that the EKC curve of per capita GDP and industrial "three wastes" in Datong city is different from the typical inverted "U" type.Industrial SO₂ and industrial wastewater show a "U+inverted U" curve relationship with per capita GDP, while industrial soot, industrial solid waste and per capita GDP show a weak "inverted U" curve relationship.With the economic growth, the environmental pollution of Datong city shows a trend of first decreasing, then increasing and then decreasing.At present, the economic development and environment of Datong city are in a positive trend, but the industrial solid waste needs to be further improved.