Abstract: Tight reservoir has the geological characteristics of low porosity and permeability, fracture development and strong heterogeneity.Therefore, the optimization design of injection production well pattern in tight reservoir is particularly important.In this paper, the traditional reservoir production potential method is improved, and the reservoir production potential method suitable for tight reservoir development is obtained, three calculation methods of production potential, original reservoir production potential and reservoir reserve abundance of improved reservoir are compared and analyzed.After the dominant well distribution area is obtained based on the production potential calculation method, the orthogonal design method is used to simulate and predict the production effect of five point method, inverse seven point method, inverse nine point method and parallel well pattern through reservoir numerical simulation method, so as to predict the distribution direction of natural fractures The relationship between well pattern orientation and well pattern orientation is studied to optimize the well pattern of tight reservoir.The results show that the production potential of improved reservoir can reflect the development value of different areas of reservoir better than the production potential and reservoir reserve abundance of existing reservoir, and can be used as the basis for optimizing the dominant well distribution area of tight reservoir.Under the condition of natural fracture development in tight reservoir, the five point well pattern is adopted and the fractured horizontal well is arranged parallel to the natural fracture, the recovery degree is the highest, the water breakthrough time is the latest, the water cut rise is the slowest, and the development effect is the best.