Shale gas is a kind of clean and efficient unconventional gas.Its development not only promotes the development of China's economy in a green and high-quality direction, but also can adjust the structure of energy supply and demand and alleviate the shortage of energy supply.The existing legal mechanism for environmental impact assessment cannot meet the needs of large-scale shale gas development.In order to solve the problem, this paper summarizes the negative environmental impacts brought about by shale gas development, which are mainly manifested in water consumption, water pollution, air pollution, geological disaster and environmental destruction, etc.This paper uses literature research, comparative research, qualitative analysis.Therefore, while drawing lessons from foreign advanced mechanisms, combining the reality of our country, this paper deeply analyzes the current situation and shortages of Chinese shale gas environmental impact assessment from five aspects:environmental impact assessment policies, intervention time, assessment content and depth, graded and classified administration, and public participation.In order to perfect our country's shale gas legal mechanism for environment impact assessment, the relevant suggestions will be put forward in response to the deficiencies.First of all, China should perfect its laws, regulations and standards for shale gas development.Secondly, China should organize strategic environmental impact assessment or planning environmental impact assessment.Thirdly, China should strengthen environmental impact assessment management of shale gas development.Finally, China should improve the degree of public participation.