Abstract: Based on the analysis of the main problems faced by the central geological exploration enterprises in the allocation of production factors, this paper analyzes the great significance of the market-oriented allocation of factors from the perspective of enterprises to promote the construction of ecological civilization, and puts forward the path suggestions for the market-oriented allocation of capital, labor and technical factors by the Central Geological Exploration Enterprises: (1) build the "integration of industry, finance and investment" model, Improve the market-oriented allocation efficiency of capital elements; (2) Improve the market-oriented recruitment and incentive mechanism, and improve the allocation level of labor factors; (3) Establish a market-oriented R & D and achievement transformation system to improve the driving force of technical factors.