Abstract: The differential tectonic evolution of the Shaya uplift in Tarim Basin is discussed by means of balanced profile technique. In addition, the trend thickness method and deposition-wave analysis method are used to study the differential uplift intensity and law of the early Paleozoic in the paleo uplift. Since the middle Caledonian act I, the compression in the north of Tarim has been strengthened, and the slope structure has been formed at the east and west ends of the Shaya uplift. The denudation amount is relatively large, and the maximum denudation amount in the north of Yingmaili can reach 650 m. During the middle Caledonian stage III, the shaya uplift was strongly active as a whole, and the tectonic deformation of Halahatang and Akkule in the middle was the most intense. The denudation center was located in the middle and east of Shaya uplift, and the denudation amount was 800-1000 m. In the early Hercynian period, the tectonic uplift of Shaya uplift continued, with migration in the center and the most intense tectonic uplift and deformation in the middle and west of the uplift.