Abstract: Since the digital government initiative in the 1990s, the United States has released a large number of laws, regulations and official documents for government informatization and evidence-based Policy making management, forming a very sound top-level design of government data governance. Under the general requirements, the U.S. federal government, the Department of the Interior, the Department of Commerce have also proposed reform actions such as changes in management structure, establishment of data governance board, and data management evaluation for the governance of natural resources-related spatial-temporal data. To this end,the top-level design of spatial-temporal data governance in natural resources community, the progress of data governance under the framework of evidence-based policy making are being discussed, with analyzation of the implications of American experience in china"s future data governance of natural resources.