Abstract: The development and utilization of mineral resources in mining area causes environment pollution and ecology destroying, affects the stability of the structure and function of mining area ecosystem.It is of great significance to clarify the structure, function and evolution mechanism of mining area ecosystem for researching the restoration and reconstruction of the damaged mining area ecosystem.This paper takes the mining area ecosystem as the research object, describes the connotation, characteristics, structure and function of the mining area ecosystem as a social-economic-natural compound ecosystem.There are four characteristics:complex, artificial, open and special energy material flow of the mining area ecosystem.The mining area ecosystem can exchange energy, matter and information with the external system while maintaining the balance of internal energy, matter and information flow.Clears two evolution types of coal mining area ecosystem, one is that the mining area ecosystem located in arid or semi-arid area evolves into desert or semi-desert ecosystem, and the other is that the mining area ecosystem located in humid or semi-humid area evolved into water area or amphibious symbiotic ecosystem.Its evolution stages can be divided into original ecosystem stage, damaged stage, ecological reconstruction prototype stage and dynamic balance stage.Three restoration models of natural regeneration, assisted regeneration and reconstruction are proposed for ecological restoration in mining area.Based on the summary of the evolution types, evolution phases, and evolution process for mining area ecosystem, the restoration models of mining area ecosystem are put forward.The paper aims to provide a scientific and reasonable restoration and reconstruction models for the mining area ecosystem, artificially and correctly induce the final succession direction of the damaged mining area ecosystem, and ensure that the potential risks of land reclamation and ecological restoration and reconstruction in the mining area are minimized.Thus, it can promote the dynamic balance, rational reuse and sustainable development of mining area ecosystem.