Abstract: With the development of shale gas industry, the microscopic characterization technology of shale gas reservoir becomes more and more important.Shale reservoirs, as fine-grained sediments, have typical low porosity and ultra-low permeability characteristics.Introduces the characteristics of shale gas reservoir microstructure and the principle and application of shale gas reservoir microscopic characterization technology, to provide more powerful support and guarantee for the development of shale gas industry