Abstract: China's coal mining enterprises employment forms are diverse, occupational disease patients are more, the security system mainly relies on the protection of work-related injury insurance, its security system and coal industry policy adjustment, technological progress and employment system changes and other mutual influence, accompanied by development, with the improvement of China's coal industry mining technology, occupational disease protection level and work-related injury, medical and other security system development, the basic security of occupational disease patients has been gradually established, occupational disease patients medical problems have been gradually solved.However, the policies are not uniform in various places, the diagnosis standards and treatment guarantees are quite different, and the treatment of migrant workers is difficult to implement.