典型含钪二次资源提钪技术研究现状与进展

    Research status and progress of scandium extraction technology from typical Sc-bearing secondary resources

    • 摘要: 钪是一种稀散元素,在地壳中高度分散,现阶段对于钪产品的需求量较大,钪及其合金产品综合性能优越,被广泛应用于航空航天等行业。基于CiteSpace软件,结合文献计量法,对CNKI和Web of Science数据库中的论文进行了可视化分析。研究结果表明:关于钪研究的外文文献数量明显多于中文文献,2010—2022年间对于钪的研究热度保持在较高水平,尤其在近五年,热度持续提升、发文量有所增加;“钪合金”“赤泥”等在关键词共现研究中出现的频次较高;钪的二次回收、萃取及钪合金发展等研究领域为主要的研究热点。本文研究了从原生矿石(稀土矿等)、工业废渣(赤泥等)及工业废液(盐酸废液等)等中回收钪的方法,并且重点关注了从钒钛磁铁矿尾矿与钛白废液中提钪的研究。“焙烧-浸出-萃取”是大部分提钪工艺会涉及到的过程,通过重选、磁选可以对原料进行预富集,离子交换法、沉淀法可提高钪产品纯度。未来可重点考虑从多种钪资源中协同回收钪的方法,进一步优化工艺流程,发展高效提钪技术。

       

      Abstract: Scandium is a kind of scattered element, which is highly dispersed in the lithosphere, the demand for scandium products is large now. Scandium and its alloy have shown superior comprehensive performance, they are widely used in aerospace and other industries. Based on CiteSpace software and bibliometric method, this paper conducts visual analysis on papers in CNKI and Web of Science database. The results show that: firstly, from 2010 to 2022, many researchers have been keeping on investigating scandium for decades. Especially in the past five years, the popularity of scandium has continued to increase, and the number of the papers has increased. Secondly, “scandium alloy”“red mud” and so on keywords appear frequently in the study of keyword co-occurrence. Thirdly, the heat of research (scandium secondary recovery, scandium extraction and scandium alloy development) continued to increase. In addition, this paper studies the methods of scandium recovery from primary ore (rare earth ore, etc.), industrial waste slag (red mud, etc.) and industrial waste liquid (hydrochloric acid waste liquid, etc.), focusing on the study of scandium extraction from V-Ti magnetite tailings and titanium dioxide wastewater. “Roasting-Leaching-Extraction” is a process involved in most scandium extraction processes. Through gravity separation and magnetic separation, raw materials could be pre-enriched. Ion exchange method and precipitation method can improve the purity of scandium products. In the future, it is necessary to further optimize the process and develop more efficient scandium extraction technology. In the future, the method of collaborative scandium recovery from a variety of scandium resources can be valued, optimizing the process flow and developing efficient scandium extraction technology.

       

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