Abstract: In order to solve the problems of high gas concentration in the coal seam of Weijiadi Coal Mine, difficult gas control in goaf, and increasing the oxidation zone scope and the risk of spontaneous combustion of the left coal in goaf after adopting directional drilling and gas extraction measures in goaf, Taking the north 1103 working face of the mine as an example, the change of spontaneous combustion “three zones” after gas extraction is analyzed by combining numerical simulation and field practice. According to the simulation results of COMSOL software, due to the influence of air leakage, the O₂ concentration in the oxidation zone of the goaf is high, and the final hole point of the ground extraction drilling should be designed in the asphyxiation zone with higher gas content. After the ground drilling and extraction, the oxidation zone range is significantly expanded, from the original 29 m to 39 m. In the process of implementation, when the final hole of the gas extraction ground on the working face enters the oxidation zone, intermittent pumping is adopted. When it enters both ends of the oxidation zone, 2/3 of the pumping gate valve is opened. When it enters the middle of the oxidation zone, pumping is stopped and natural drainage is the main method. Through field practice: directional drilling and extraction increase the air leakage and disturb the flow field of goaf. Compared with the original “three zones” of spontaneous combustion in goaf, gas relief drilling and extraction in goaf lead to a reduction of 10 m in the middle dispersion zone of spontaneous combustion in the “three zones” and an expansion of 16 m in the oxidation zone. On this basis, some fire prevention measures such as intermittent gas extraction and integrated grouting nitrogen injection in goaf are put forward, which can effectively improve the fire prevention safety of working face.