Abstract: Geological disasters are important influencing factors in human economic and social processes, and are an important component of natural disasters. Against the backdrop of global warming and frequent human engineering activities, geological disasters caused by floods, earthquakes, and engineering activities are becoming increasingly severe. China is one of the countries most severely threatened by geological disasters. Geological disaster investigation has gone through four stages of development, namely the initial stage, the improvement stage, the development stage, and the transformation stage, and has achieved significant results. With the technological revolution in the new era and the construction of a digital China and a beautiful China, geological disaster investigation will develop towards high-tech, high-quality, and high-precision directions, forming a new model of geological disaster investigation that is in line with China’s national conditions, with technical prevention as the main focus, group measurement and prevention, and on-site exploration as auxiliary.