Abstract: As the cutting mechanism of mining machinery, the pick directly acts on the coal rock, making wear inevitable, and its wear characteristics result from the combined action of multiple factors. In order to study the influence of different working conditions on pick wear before and after the change in coal rock compressive strength, the finite element software ABAQUS is used to establish a three-dimensional pick-coal rock coupling model. The wear process of the pick under different working conditions is simulated to explore the correlation between the fractured state of the coal rock and the cutting resistance of the pick, as well as the relationship between the fluctuation of cutting resistance and pick wear. Within the range of simulation test parameters, the effects of traction speed, tip taper angle, and rotation speed on pick wear are analyzed using a three-factor, three-level orthogonal experimental design. The results show that the fractured volume of coal rock is positively correlated with the cutting resistance of the pick, and the degree of fluctuation in cutting resistance relates to pick wear under different working conditions before and after the change in coal rock compressive strength. The fractured volume of coal rock increases with higher traction speed and larger tip taper angle, leading to greater cutting resistance. Conversely, the fractured volume decreases as rotation speed increases, which reduces cutting resistance. Pick wear increases with traction speed and tip taper angle, but decreases with higher rotation speed. Range analysis indicates that when the traction speed is 1.0 m/min, the tip taper angle is 75°, and the rotation speed is 95 r/min, the impact on pick wear is relatively small. This method enables quantitative analysis of pick wear, provides a direction for subsequent research on pick wear, and lays a foundation for studying the wear resistance characteristics of picks.