土库曼斯坦矿产资源现状及投资环境分析

    Analysis of mineral resources status and investment environment in Turkmenistan

    • 摘要: 土库曼斯坦地处中亚西南部,是“一带一路”倡议的重要支点国家。在大地构造上,土库曼斯坦属于卡拉库姆盆地,矿产资源丰富,其优势矿产资源以天然气、石油、钾盐等能源矿产与非金属矿产为主,与我国在资源禀赋、市场需求等方面具有独特的互补性。近年来,随着“一带一路”倡议的深入推进,中土两国在能源矿产资源领域的合作日益紧密。2023年1月,中国和土库曼斯坦签署了《中华人民共和国和土库曼斯坦联合声明》,双方宣布建立全面战略伙伴关系,为两国带来更广阔的发展机遇。基于此,本文系统梳理了土库曼斯坦矿产资源禀赋、矿业管理机构、矿业政策等情况,综合分析了其矿业开发现状及矿业投资环境,深入讨论了中资企业在土库曼斯坦开展矿业投资的挑战和机遇,为中资企业前往土库曼斯坦进行能源矿产资源领域深度合作提供信息支撑。研究结果表明,土库曼斯坦丰富的矿产资源,尤其是油气及非金属矿产资源,为中资企业提供了关键投资机会。然而,土库曼斯坦当前经济转型带来潜在风险,中资企业应做好市场调研和风险评估,并做好相关的风险管理工作。中资企业应把握土库曼斯坦提升环保和技术要求的机遇,积极探索绿色能源领域的合作,推动可持续发展。

       

      Abstract: Turkmenistan, located in the southwest of Central Asia, is an important fulcrum country of “the Belt and Road” Initiative. In terms of tectonics, Turkmenistan belongs to the Karakum Basin, which is rich in mineral resources, and its superior mineral resources are mainly natural gas, oil, potash and other energy minerals and non-metallic minerals, which have unique complementarity with China in terms of resource endowment and market demand. In recent years, with the deepening of “the Belt and Road” Initiative, the cooperation between China and Turkmenistan in the field of energy and mineral resources has become increasingly close. In January 2023, China and Turkmenistan signed the Joint Statement of the People’s Republic of China and Turkmenistan, announcing the establishment of a comprehensive strategic partnership to bring broader development opportunities to the two countries. Based on this, this paper systematically sorts out the mineral resource endowment, mining management institutions, mining policies and other relevant data of Turkmenistan, comprehensively analyzes the current situation of mining development and mining investment environment, and discusses in depth the challenges and opportunities of Chinese enterprises to carry out mining investment in Turkmenistan, so as to provide information support for Chinese enterprises to go to Turkmenistan for in-depth cooperation in the field of energy and mineral resources. The results show that the abundant mineral resources of Turkmenistan, especially oil and gas and non-metallic mineral resources, provide key investment opportunities for Chinese enterprises. However, the potential risks brought by current economic transformation in Turkmenistan, and Chinese enterprises should do a good job of market research and risk assessment, and do a good job of relevant risk management. Chinese enterprises should seize the opportunity of environmental protection and technical requirements in Turkmenistan to actively explore cooperation in the field of green energy to promote sustainable development.

       

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