绿色矿山背景下非金属露天矿山“横切”式开采模式探讨

    Exploring the “cross cutting” mining model of non-metallic open-pit mines under the background of green mines

    • 摘要: 绿色矿山建设是矿业领域生态文明建设的有力抓手。在全面推进绿色矿山建设背景下,探索可复制可推广的建设模式非常重要。本文系统梳理了非金属露天矿山“横切”式开采模式的内涵和优势,分析了其实践路径、存在问题,并提出了政策建议。研究结果表明:“横切”式开采推动矿山企业从重视后端的生态修复治理向前端的开采方式优化转变,有助于实现资源开发、环境保护、安全生产、经济发展的统筹协调,是一种适用于建材等非金属矿产的绿色矿山模式创新。该模式的实践路径包括建立标准规范、开展试点示范、严格分类管理、政府主导推动等四方面,目前面临矿规调整周期长、矿业用地供应难、资源短期稳定供给受影响、建设成效后期才能逐步显现等四方面的问题。在此基础上提出了四方面的政策建议,分别是立足矿山实际、因地制宜推进;注重工作衔接、打通政策堵点;做好长期跟踪、完善政策标准;坚持系统思维、提高内生动力。通过本文研究以期为完善我国绿色矿山建设制度体系,助力建设美丽中国提供借鉴参考。

       

      Abstract: The construction of green mines is a powerful lever for ecological civilization construction in the mining industry. In the context of comprehensively promoting the construction of green mines, it is very important to explore replicable and promotable construction models. This paper systematically summarizes the connotation and advantages of the “cross cutting” mining mode in non-metallic open-pit mines, analyzes its practical path, existing problems, and puts forward policy recommendations. The research results show that “cross cutting” mining promotes mining enterprises to shift from focusing on ecological restoration and management at the backend to optimizing mining methods at the frontend, it helps to achieve coordinated development of resources, environmental protection, safety production, and economic growth, and is an innovative green mining model suitable for non-metallic minerals such as building materials. The practical path of this model includes four aspects: establishing standard specifications, conducting pilot demonstrations, strict classification management, and government led promotion. Currently, it faces four problems: long adjustment cycles of mining regulations, difficult supply of mining land, short-term impact of stable resource supply, and gradual manifestation of construction results in the later stage. On this basis, four policy recommendations are put forward. Firstly, to base on the actual situation of the mine and promote it according to local conditions. Secondly, to focus on work connection and break through policy bottlenecks. Thirdly, to carry out long-term tracking and improve policy standards. Fourthly, to adhere to systematic thinking and enhance endogenous motivation, in order to improve China’s green mine construction system and provide reference for building a beautiful China.

       

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