Abstract: With the gradual development of mining to the deep, the stability of surrounding rock caused by multi-level mining is the main safety factor facing the mine. The mining of a gold mine is divided into two stages: early shallow open-stope mining and late deep filling mining. The early mining formed a certain range of subsidence areas on the surface. In order to grasp whether the superimposed effect of overlying rock movement and deformation in deep multi-level filling mining would cause the activation of shallow subsidence areas, thus affecting surface stability and underground safety production, firstly, the formation reason and mechanism of shallow subsidence area are studied by theoretical analysis, and the self-stability of surface subsidence area is analyzed. Then numerical simulation methods such as RHINO and FLAC^3D are used to study the movement and deformation law of surrounding rock caused by deep up-horizontal slicing and filling mining, as well as the residual settlement of surface subsidence area and the development of plastic zone. The research results show that the deformation of filling area itself, the displacement of rock layer in shallow gob area and the surface subsidence area are all small after deep multi-level filling mining in a gold mine, and the deformation of surrounding rock and the subsidence of surface subsidence area can be greatly reduced compared with the case of no filling, and the plastic zone only appears in local area of the surface subsidence area. It is considered that on the premise of maintaining the current filling effect, multi-level filling mining does not affect the overall stability of the surface subsidence area. The research methods and results in this paper will provide useful reference for the safety evaluation of overburden deformation and disaster prevention in surface subsidence area.