含铅锌银精矿梯级回收有价元素试验研究

    Experimental study on step recovery of valuable elements from lead-zinc-silver concentrate

    • 摘要: 针对含铅锌银精矿中银回收效果不够理想,有价元素铅、锌、硫无法得到高效回收利用的技术难题,本文通过预先浮选银铅锌试验、直接氰化-氰尾浮选回收铅锌试验、氰化抑硫浮选铅锌-铅锌精矿高氰氰化浸银+铅锌尾矿低氰氰化浸银-氰化尾矿浮选硫精矿等工艺技术进行试验研究。研究结果表明,采用一级氰化抑硫浮选铅锌、二级铅锌精矿高氰氰化浸银、三级铅锌尾矿低氰氰化浸银、四级氰化尾矿活化浮选硫精矿工艺技术集成方法,最佳工艺技术参数为:一级技术条件为磨矿细度−0.074 mm占90%、碳酸钠用量2 000 g/t、氰化钠用量2 000 g/t,氰化抑制时间60 min,浮选矿浆浓度28%、捕收剂用量为200 g/t、浮选时间15 min,一次粗选一次扫选二次精选浮选流程;二级技术条件为矿浆浓度33%,氰化钠浓度0.80%~1.00%,一次浸出36 h,一浸后二次磨矿,双氧水为助浸剂,磨矿细度−0.037 mm占95%,氰化钠浓度0.80%~1.00%,二次浸出24 h;三级技术条件为磨矿细度−0.037 mm占90%,矿浆浓度33%,氰化钠浓度0.15%~0.20%,一次浸出24 h;四级技术条件为矿浆浓度33%,硫酸调整矿浆pH值至4,搅拌时间60 min,碳酸钠调整pH值至6,搅拌时间10 min,捕收剂用量为600 g/t,浮选时间20 min,一次粗选一次扫二次精选浮选流程。含铅锌银精矿中银、铅、锌、硫的综合回收率分别达到92.71%、90.78%、94.92%、93.66%,该矿物中有价元素综合回收效果较好,实现了铅锌银精矿资源的高值化、资源化利用,并为此类铅锌银精矿的处理提供了有效的技术方法。

       

      Abstract: In response to the technical challenge of insufficient silver recovery efficiency in lead-zinc-silver concentrate, and the inability to efficiently recover and utilize valuable elements such as lead, zinc, and sulfur, in this paper, the technology of pre-flotation of silver, lead and zinc, recovery of lead and zinc by direct cyanidation-cyanidation tailing flotation, high cyanide leaching of lead and zinc concentrate and low cyanide leaching of lead and zinc tailings-cyanidation tailing flotation of sulfur concentrate are studied. The results show that the integrated method of technology for flotation of lead-zinc concentrate by primary cyanide and sulfur suppression, high cyanide leaching of silver for secondary lead-zinc concentrate, low cyanide leaching of silver for tertiary lead-zinc tailings and activation of flotation of sulfur concentrate by tertiary cyanide tailings is adopted, the optimum technical parameters are as follows: the first grade technical conditions are: grinding fineness −0.074 mm accounting for 90%, dosage of sodium carbonate 2 000 g/t, dosage of sodium cyanide 2 000 g/t, cyanide inhibition time 60 min, the concentration of ore is 28%, the dosage of collector is 200 g/t, the flotation time is 15 min, the flotation process of primary roughing and secondary cleaning is once roughing and once cleaning, the secondary technical conditions are 33% concentration of ore, 0.80%-1.00% concentration of sodium cyanide, once leaching for 36 h, the concentration of sodium cyanide is 33%, the concentration of sodium cyanide is 0.80%-1.00%, after one leaching, the ore is ground twice with hydrogen peroxide as leaching aid, the grinding fineness is −0.037 mm accounting for 95%, the concentration of sodium cyanide is 0.80%-1.00%, the second leaching is 24 hours, the three-stage technical conditions are grinding fineness −0.037 mm accounting for 90%, the concentration of ore is 33%, the concentration of ore is 100%, the concentration of ore is 100% and the concentration of ore is 100%, the concentration of sodium cyanide is 0.15%-0.20%, the leaching time is 24 h, the four-stage technical condition is 33%, the pH value of pulp is adjusted to 4 by sulfuric acid, the stirring time is 60 min, the pH value is adjusted to 6 by sodium carbonate, the stirring time is 10 min, the dosage of collector is 600 g/t, the floatation time is 20 minutes, and the floatation process is one roughing and one sweeping. The comprehensive recovery rates of silver, lead, zinc and sulfur in the lead-zinc-silver concentrate are 92.71%, 90.78%, 94.92% and 93.66% respectively, it realizes the high value and resource utilization of lead-zinc-silver concentrate, and provides an effective technical method for the treatment of this kind of lead-zinc-silver concentrate.

       

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