Abstract: In order to ensure the safe, efficient and green mining of coal and avoid the problem of excessive support of roadway under the condition of high-quality roof, taking a coal mine in Shanxi as the research object, the mechanical parameters and rock mass characteristics of thick and hard roof surrounding rock in shallow coal seam are analyzed and obtained by using the methods of theoretical analysis, laboratory test, numerical simulation and engineering practice. Based on the theory of natural balance arch, four supporting schemes for auxiliary transportation roadway in No.1 mining area of 15# coal seam are redesigned, And finite element numerical simulation software is used to compare and analyze the deformation, stress distribution, and plastic zone development range of the surrounding rock of the roadway under the influence of mining between the original plan and other support plans. The results show that after using the optimization scheme, the stress accumulation in the surrounding rock is within a controllable range, with a maximum subsidence of 65.19 mm in the roof, a bottom heave of 30.39 mm, and a side heave of 174.59 mm. The amount of anchor rods（cables） saved per 100 meters is 23.08%, and the tunnel excavation speed is significantly improved.