Abstract: Aluminum is widely used in many fields, and is one of the important basic raw materials related to the rapid development of China’s economy and society. Global bauxite resources are rich, but the global reserves and production of bauxite are distributed in a few countries. The bauxite reserve of China is ranked in the top position in the world, but the share in the world is only 2.37%. At present, China is the largest consumer of bauxite in the world. The production of bauxite is much less than the demand in China. China imports a lot of bauxite every year, and has a high degree of dependence on import from other countries. The research on the distribution characteristics and exploration & development pattern of global bauxite resources has great significance for the effective layout of exploration & development cooperation and mining investment of overseas high-quality bauxite resources. The research results show that ①more than 80% of bauxite reserves are distributed in 9 countries such as Guinea, Australia and Brazil in the world. ②Asia and China have the largest number of large-super large bauxite deposits in the world. ③The degree of exploration and development of bauxite is relatively high in Latin America, and is relatively low in Oceania and Africa in the world. ④The newly discovered bauxite deposits by exploration are distributed in Australia and Guinea. ⑤Australia, Guinea and Cameroon are the hotspot countries of global bauxite exploration in the world, and also are the major countries with the increase of reserves and resources of bauxite. ⑥The 70% of annual bauxite production in the world is distributed in Guinea, Australia and Indonesia. The largest top 10 companies of bauxite exploration & development produced the 40% of annual bauxite production. ⑦Guinea, Australia and Indonesia are the major exporters of bauxite in the world. China is the largest importers of bauxite. ⑧The mergers and acquisitions of bauxite are few, and highly concentrated in Australia and Jamaica. Looking forward to the future, the exploration prospecting potential and development potential of bauxite is huge. The production and demand of bauxite will continue to rise in the world. China will continue to be the largest consumer of bauxite, aluminum and refined aluminum in the world.