Abstract: The stress equilibrium state of the surrounding rock is repeatedly redistributed during the process of two-step subsequent filling mining in metal mines, resulting in potential ground pressure issues such as rock instability and failure. These challenges present significant safety risks for efficient and secure mining operations. Effective investigation and classification of the occurrence characteristics of surrounding rock in the middle section of the mine, as well as assessment of rock mass quality for typical engineering geological rock groups, are conducted through focused research on a large-steeply ore body within a copper-nickel mine. By employing numerical analysis methods, this paper developes a 3D engineering geological model that allows to analyze stress field distribution patterns, displacement fields, as well as plastic failure characteristics during subsequent filling mining processes. Based on the current mining situation and existing research results, a stope stability evaluation is conducted to accurately identify the display area of mine ground pressure. The findings indicate that the surrounding rock in the middle section of the mine primarily exhibits three dominant joint groups with a medium to dense development degree. The average mass Q for these three typical geological rock groups are determined as 3.95, 8.03, and 6.81 respectively, showing an overall decreasing trend with increasing burial depth. Additionally, under the influence of mining disturbance, the distribution patterns of stress, displacement, and plastic failure areas in each stope within the middle section are essentially identical; however, ground pressure activity characteristics are more pronounced in two-step mining compared to first-step mining. By combining these research results with field practice, accurate identification and evaluation of stope stability can be achieved for addressing stability control issues in two-step subsequent filling mining operations. These research findings have significant guiding implications for risk identification and ground pressure control in mine surrounding rock.