Abstract: The development of new quality productive forces continues to inject new momentum into the transformation and upgrading of the coal industry and high-quality development. In this paper, by sorting out the basic conditions for the formation of new quality productive forces in China’s coal industry, and taking miners, mines, mining enterprises, mining towns, mining areas, and mining industry （“the six dimensions of mine”） as the entry point, it innovatively explore the correlation between “the six dimensions of mine” synergy and the formation of new quality productive forces in the coal industry from the concept of “the six dimensions of mine”, and then puts forward the path and task of “the six dimensions of mine” synergy to promote the formation of new quality productive forces in the coal industry. The study concludes that China has a certain foundation for the development of new quality productive forces in the coal industry, and through the “the six dimensions of mine” synergy, it will form the advantageous productivity of the coal industry with miners as the center, mines as the cornerstone, and mining enterprises as the grips, and the promotion and radiation to the mining towns and mining areas will form the integration productivity of the coal industry, and ultimately form the derivative productivity of the coal industry, which represents the shape of the advanced mining industry. At the same time, the formation stages of China’s new quality productive forces in the coal industry are divided into the period of advantageous development, integrated development and derivative development, and the main paths, tasks and related proposals for promoting the high-quality development of the coal industry and the formation of new quality productive forces through the “the six dimensions of mine” synergy are put forward.