Abstract: On the basis of briefly describing the economic situation of coal mining at home and abroad, Using the coal exploration, exploitation and utilization data in Heilongjiang Province, including the province’s mineral resources exploration investment and the amount of coal inside and outside the province. This paper analyzes the current situation and challenge of coal resources exploration, the development; on this basis. Combining with the national and local social and economic development goals. Put forward suggestions on policy measures and support systems that can promote the development of the coal resource industry, including refining relevant policies, extending the industrial chain, utilizing the resources of neighboring countries, developing green mining, and strengthening talent training and introduction. In order to strengthen the exploration and development of coal resources in the province. To improve the ability to guarantee coal resources, Finally, to promote the development of mining economy to provide a decision-making basis.