Abstract: Green exploration is the main mode of a new round of breakthrough strategic action in mineral exploration, and is an effective means of coordinating mineral exploration breakthroughs with ecological environment protection. Drilling technology, as the only means of directly obtaining underground physical information, plays an irreplaceable role in the new round of mineral exploration breakthroughs. The shallow coverage area of the mineralization zone has enormous resource potential and is an important frontier position for national resource and energy strategy guarantee. The use of shallow drilling to “strip” the coverage layer, collect physical samples such as residual layers and fresh bedrock, and determine the burial depth, grade, and reserves of the ore body through analysis and testing is an effective method for prospecting in the coverage area. On the basis of collecting and summarizing the research progress of shallow drilling equipment at home and abroad, this paper sorts out the application and practical progress of shallow drilling technology based on green exploration in China, analyzes the development trend of shallow drilling technology, proposes to build a shallow green drilling technology equipment system with high efficiency, small disturbance, less pollution, and low carbon emissions, and promotes the green and sustainable development of China’s geological and mineral exploration industry.