Abstract: With the continuous deepening of ecological civilization and the concept of building a beautiful China, the country is exhibiting a comprehensive, systematic, and profound trend in promoting green and low-carbon transformation and development. Green mine construction has become a crucial aspect of ecological civilization construction in the mining sector. As a major mineral resources province in China, Henan Province faces dual challenges of resources development and utilization alongside ecological environmental protection, due to long-term high-intensity mineral resources exploitation that has increased pressure on resources and environmental carrying capacity. In recent years, through a series of measures such as releasing local standards, developing indicator interpretations, innovating incentive measures, and strengthening technical guidance, Henan Province has achieved certain results in advancing green mine construction and green development in the mining industry. By the end of 2023, there were 208 green mine enterprises in the province, including 85 national-level green mines, ranking among the forefront in the country. In April 2024, seven departments including the Ministry of Natural Resources jointly issued the Notice on Further Strengthening Green Mine Construction, proposing requirements for comprehensively promoting green mine construction. At the same time, the Henan Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government, key ecological and livelihood projects, the realization of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, and the high-quality development of the central region all pose higher requirements for green mining development and green mine construction, providing significant opportunities for the green transformation and development of the mining industry. This paper systematically analyzes the new situations, goals, and requirements faced by green mine construction in Henan Province and proposes countermeasures and suggestions for the next step in comprehensively carrying out green mine construction, including improving establishment and regulatory mechanisms, strengthening scientific and technological innovation and development, enhancing industrial clustering and the construction of green mining development demonstration zones, summarizing and promoting typical models and cases, with the aim of providing references for the green transformation and development of the mining industry.