Abstract: The competition for lithium resources is becoming increasingly fierce with the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry. Lithium resources are rich in South China and it is very important to further clarify the types and metallogeny of lithium deposit to improve the seufficiency of lithium resources in China. Based on the previous study, in this paper, it divides the lithium deposits in South China into four types: granite, pegmatite, aplite and brine. Lithium deposits in South China are mainly formed in the early Yanshan period （Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous）, which are distributed in the Wuyi metallogenic belt, Nanling metallogenic belt and Jiuling uplift in spatially, and are closely related to muscovite monzonite granite and mica monzonite granite. The enrichment of rare metals such as lithium is closely related to collisional orogeny and frequent magmatic activity. There are three crucial factors for lithium enrichment include high maturity crust, high-differentiation evolution granite, and volatile-rich fluid metasomatic alteration. The pre-Jurassic reconstituted continental crust is an important basis for the enrichment of rare metals such as lithium, and tectonics and magmatism caused by the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate further condensed these rare metals. The formation of lithium deposits is closely related to the granitic magma source, the degree of partial melting, crystallization differentiation and hydrothermal metasomatism. The granite formed in the early Yanshan period has a high degree of differentiation and evolution, and is initially enriched with rare metal elements such as lithium, but the main mechanism of mineralization is the intensely metasomatic alteration in the later magmatic evolution process.