Abstract: This paper provides a popular interpretation of geo-philosophy from the perspective of dialectical materialism, emphasizing that geo-philosophy theory is a summary, sublimation, and refinement of a large number of geological work practices. The large-scale geological exploration practice in China has given rise to two theoretical pillars of geo-philosophy: one is the highest depth of vertical research on ore-oriented prospecting theory, and the other is the widest range of horizontal applicability of the stepped development theory. Based on this, this paper elaborates on the connotations of the ore-oriented prospecting theory and the stepped development theory, clarifies the background and development process of the two theories, explains the guiding significance of the two theories for geological and mineral work, and enriches the content of geo-philosophy. This paper discusses the relationship between geo-philosophy theory and international and historical philosophical theories, reflecting the Chinese and contemporary characteristics of geo-philosophy. By guiding geological work practice with theory, it has formed an excellent tradition of geological work with Chinese characteristics. On this basis, the research on strategic mineral resources and sustainable development from the perspective of geo-philosophy are analyzed, and the characteristics of the current geological and mineral work development ladder are analyzed. Corresponding development suggestions are proposed based on this, and the practical application of geo-philosophy in strategic mineral research and sustainable development was explored, in order to provide theoretical support for the development of geological and mineral work in the new era.