Abstract: In order to achieve stability monitoring during the backfilling process of the middle deep hole mining area between 260 m and 350 m levels on the 31-51 line of the No. 2 deposit, a 16 channel microseismic monitoring system is established based on monitoring range and accuracy analysis. The correlation between the activity law of microseismic events and the production situation of the mine is analyzed, and the ground pressure risk level is determined using parameters such as microseismic event frequency, energy, magnitude, stress concentration, and cumulative apparent volume energy index distribution characteristics. The results show that the network layout can achieve the overall envelope of the 31-51 line within the range of 210 m to 400 m, with a maximum error of about 15 m and a minimum detectable microseismic event of −2.3 magnitude, which can meet the needs of mine monitoring. The microseismic activity is closely related to the production situation. The 1-2 days after mining blasting are the active period of microseismic activity. The triggering of microseismic events is similar to that of blasting events, and maintaining a stable ore output is more likely to weaken microseismic activity. The ground pressure risk assessment results based on various parameter indicators indicate that the ground pressure risk level at this stage is “slight”, and the risk of ground pressure occurrence is relatively small.