Abstract: In the field of modern coal mining, the digging speed of large and super-large section roadways is often lower than the advancing speed of the coal-mining working face, leading to an increasingly serious imbalance between mining and excavation, which in turn affects the overall production efficiency. Taking the specific geological conditions of Shendong Coal Group coal mines as a case study, this paper proposes and independently develops a set of rapid excavation equipment, aiming to effectively address the challenges faced by the industry. Through in-depth analysis of the geological characteristics of Shendong Coal Group coal mines, this study identifies the key factors affecting the boring efficiency, including complex rock structure, geological pressure and hydrological conditions. Based on these analyses, it clarifies the design objectives of the rapid excavation equipment, emphasizing that the equipment needs to be highly efficient, adaptable and safe in order to adapt to the complex operating environment. In the process of development, the equipment system includes the excavator, support equipment and transportation system. The innovative design of the excavator significantly improves cutting efficiency, while the support equipment ensures stability during roadway construction. In addition, the optimization of the transportation system improves the material handling efficiency, resulting in an efficient and smooth tunneling process. Through field tests, this study verifies the effectiveness of the rapid excavation equipment. The test results show that the new equipment can effectively shorten the digging cycle, improve the quality of roadway forming, and demonstrate considerable benefits in reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs compared to traditional excavation methods. These results provide an efficient and safe technical solution for coal mine roadway construction, effectively solving the efficiency and safety problems that have long plagued the industry. The research and development of the complete set of rapid excavation equipment not only improves the overall production efficiency of Shendong Coal Group coal mines, but also points out a new development direction for the technological progress of the coal mining industry. Through in-depth analysis of geological features and major problems in construction, this study offers significant theoretical insights and practical guidance for the future sustainable advancement of coal mining technology, and realizes the double improvement of production efficiency and safety.