Abstract: Open-pit mining has caused serious damage to the ecological environment. With the increasing emphasis on the importance of ecological protection, ecological restoration of open-pit mines has become an important topic. This paper takes the ecological restoration area in a typical open-pit mine as the research object and explores the spatio-temporal evolution of vegetation coverage and the driving factors. Firstly, by using multi-temporal remote sensing image data and the principle of pixel binning model, combined with GIS and statistical analysis methods, to analyze the changes in vegetation coverage in the ecological restoration area of mine over different time periods. Secondly, combined with the terrain data, climate conditions, and governance projects in the study area, the geographic detector is used to comprehensively analyze the driving factors of vegetation coverage change. The research results show that from the time perspective, with the implementation of ecological restoration measures, vegetation coverage shows an increasing trend, clearly revealing the dynamic trend of vegetation coverage over time. From the spatial perspective, after the restoration and governance of the mine, the stable improvement areas show continuous vegetation coverage changes, revealing the distribution differences and change characteristics of vegetation coverage in the ecological restoration area. The driving factor analysis shows that multiple factors such as terrain conditions, climate changes, and human activities are interrelated and jointly affect the change of vegetation coverage. The improvement of vegetation coverage is positively correlated with governance projects and rainfall, and the implementation of ecological restoration measures and maintenance have a positive impact on vegetation coverage. It is suggested that in the process of ecological restoration of mines due consideration should be given to natural factors such as climate and terrain, as well as human activities, and a scientific and reasonable restoration plan should be formulated; at the same time, strengthen monitoring and evaluation work to ensure the sustainability and stability of ecological restoration effects.