Abstract: Similar material simulation test is a common research method in geotechnical engineering, and the selection and ratio of similar materials are always an important part of similar material test research. In order to determine the ratio of similar materials such as river sand, gypsum and large white powder commonly used in the simulation test of similar materials in mines, the orthogonal design 4-factor and 5-level test method is adopted, and four influencing factors including bone glue ratio （aggregate/cement）, cement ratio （gypsum/large white powder）, water-cement ratio （water/ash） and air drying days are selected as the research objects. A total of 25 groups of 75 standard specimens of similar cementing materials are made and uniaxial compression tests are carried out. The sensitivity of each factor to the density and uniaxial compressive strength of specimens is analyzed by using range method and IBM SPSS software. The results show that the density and uniaxial compressive strength of similar cementing materials are most significantly affected by the ratio of bone glue. There is no obvious relationship between the proportion of cement and the density and uniaxial compressive strength of similar materials. The water-cement ratio has little effect on uniaxial compressive strength of similar materials, but has obvious effect on density of similar materials. The air drying days have little effect on the density of similar cementing materials, but the uniaxial compressive strength of similar cementing materials is particularly significant. In addition, to solve the problem of uneven density distribution of specimens in the same group, a method of weighing individual specimens before loading is proposed to reduce the difference between specimens in the same group. The research results can provide reference for the simulation test design of similar materials in mines.